01/18/2022
California Writers Part 1
Scott Thomas Anderson is a journalist whose work regularly appears in The San Francisco Chronicle and The Sacramento News & Review. He studied American Literature at the University of California at Davis, and while the bulk of his 15-year career has been primarily as a crime reporter, he’s recently started to balance that focus by […]
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[Music]
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This is KZSU Stanford.
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[Music]
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Welcome to entitled opinions. My name is Robert Harrison,
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and we're coming to you from the Stanford campus.
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[Music]
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That's right, coming to you from the Stanford campus.
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After two years of wandering the COVID night,
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we're back in the bunker of KZSU for the very first time,
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back in the throbbing incubator of our studio B,
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where we breed, brood, beget, and blast out ideas for the entitled opinions brigade.
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For you the thoughtful ones, you the undergrounders,
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you whom comrade Nietzsche called an overture and it going under,
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a bridge and not an end. I love those who do not know how to live,
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except by going under, where they are the ones who cross over,
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thus spoke their through strip. I love the great despisers because they are the great
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reverers and arrows of longing for the other shore. I love him who lives to know and who wants to know.
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I love him who makes his virtue, his addiction, and his catastrophe.
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I love him who does not want to have too many virtues.
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One virtue is more virtue than two because it is more of a news on which his catastrophe may hang.
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I love him who has a free spirit and a free heart, thus his head is only the
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entrails of his heart, but his heart drives him to go under.
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Thus spoke zero through strip and thus speaks your hosts from the underworld of KZSU,
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where we keep the conversation going with all unites from the order of entitled opinions.
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[Music]
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[Music]
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KZSU located at the western edge of the western world,
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otherwise known as California. It's here that the sun goes under in order to cross over.
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It's from here that we fling our arrows of longing for the other shore, even if there is no
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other shore. California, a golden gate to nowhere, a bridge that stretches out in
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transcendence only to plunge into the abyss. Get here and we'll do the rest.
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California dreaming, that's the news we hang, our catastrophe on. As Frank Zappa put it,
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if we'd all been living in California, none of this would have happened.
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Well, we all got here from elsewhere, eager for the beginning of the end of the affair.
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[Music]
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[Music]
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Speaking of California, our show today is devoted to some of the early writers and journalists who made
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their way to this lawless land in the 19th century and found a voice for themselves that led to
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the beginnings of a California literary style. The guest who joins me today has been studying
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these trail blazers. Scott Thomas Anderson studied American literature before becoming a journalist.
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A very interesting journalist at that, he writes for the San Francisco Chronicle and the Sacramento news
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and review. For the past 15 years, he's worked primarily as a crime reporter, and one day I'd
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like to do a show with him about crime, law enforcement, and California politics. But today,
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he joins me to talk about his other main interests, namely literature, culture, and travel.
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Recently, Scott Anderson has been writing and producing a documentary podcast series that takes
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him to various cities around the world to study the link between drinking cultures and creative
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legacies. He calls his series "Drinkers with Writing Problems." Season 1, which includes episodes
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written and recorded in Ireland, Scotland, Spain, New Orleans, and Hollywood, is currently available
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on most podcast platforms. The premiere of season 2, which features an episode about writers
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during the California gold rush, premieres on January 20th, 2022. And that, as it happens, is the
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topic of our show today, Scott Thomas Anderson, welcome to the program. Thank you, great to be here.
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Let me mention that you not only listen to entitled opinions, but you also published a feature
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article about this radio show in the San Francisco Chronicle. It came out a few weeks ago, I think the title
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was an intellectual dig through past plagues and future texts. And it's available for free online
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for those listeners who may be interested in reading. It's a great piece, I have to say.
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Thank you for bringing some attention to entitled opinions in the Bay Area.
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We're an underground show, as you know, and a little photophobic, but it can't hurt every now and then
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to shine a light on what we do down here in the catacombs of Gaze-Y issue. In any case, it was when you
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contacted me about that article that I came to learn of your project about California writers
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during the gold rush. It's a really interesting subject, and we're going to turn to it momentarily.
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But first, maybe you could tell us something about this documentary you're producing,
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drinkers with writing problems. Yeah, I guess it started as an attempt to bring a little bit of
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balance to my professional life, my mindset, in that the first decade of my career was so intensely
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focused on being a police reporter, trying to be the kind of crime journalist that took
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readers in very deep on complex homicides and investigations into the drug world and all the tragedy
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that darkens that world. The kind of reporter, someone like Alfredo Corchado was when I was coming up,
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and I dedicated so much of my energy to that. And then about 10 years in, I started to realize that
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it's not entirely healthy for one to dedicate their whole creative core to those things.
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So I am still a police reporter part-time, but I've branched out into also writing about
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literary topics, travel journalism,
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appreciations of beer, wine, and spirits. So this documentary podcast series was an outgrowth
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of all that transition. Combined with this question that would come up sometimes when I'd go to
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the bar with other reporters, you know, I'd get these stolen moments with the tattered remnants
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of my tribe and in conversation, it would often come up that our favorite reporters, our favorite
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journalists, in fact, oftentimes our favorite writers, were all drinkers. So it got me thinking,
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what does that say about the creative process? What does that say about the life-coping process?
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What does that say about the specific cultures that these individuals were speaking for?
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And speaking too. So with this podcast documentary series, I basically go to places where these
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writers haunted and I try to follow in their footsteps. I drink the things they drank. I'm trying to
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explore the lives of these writers and use what they drank, the drinking culture they were part of.
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It's just kind of a window to look at the broader creative culture of the cities and places that
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produce them. And woven in with that are interviews with contemporary writers who live in those places,
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distillers, bar tenders, wine makers, independent bookstore owners, anybody who can sort of help me
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explore that question. What do you learn from those visits to bars and speaking to bar tenders and
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others about the writers at least the creative process of writing? It's very interesting in the
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sense that it's so different with different writers and the overarching question of how many of
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these writers were actually alcoholics and how many of them were just recreational drinkers and how
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much gray area there is between those two things with some of these writers. It seems to me it's
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different with every writer whose life I explore. I don't personally make a blanket statement like
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some folks do about this topic. I got the name of this series, "Drinkers with Writing Problems." It's
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from a quote often attributed to the great Irish novelist and playwright Brendan B.N.
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So the very first episode I did, the first half of it was written and recorded in Dublin and
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it was the first half is about him. And with him because he used the Irish drinking culture,
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the Irish love of pubs and the Irish storytelling tradition and that grew up in those pubs. It was
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so much part of his persona as a writer. He was a great self-marketer. And so it was very easy on
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the research and to go to a bunch of pubs that still looked the same as when he was in them in the
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1940s and '50s and '60s. And some of those pubs are pictures of him on the wall.
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On the research end, that was one of the more easy writers to handle with this topic. And some of
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the others, it's taken a ton of research to really have confidence to say not only what they
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drank and where they drank and sort of if that affected them at all in terms of their creative
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process or not. Or if it maybe it was just part of their routine that brought them together with
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people who were their support network.
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I think maybe the only Irish writer or poet who was not a pub-goer and didn't get into it was
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W. B. Yates. I know him anecdote where he finally in his late middle age, you know, maybe he was in his
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'50s. He went to a pub for the first time at some friends and sisters. He sat there for five minutes.
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He says, "I've been to a pub now. Can we leave?" So not very Irish in that regard as you know.
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So we're going to talk about the California part that season two. But how about keeping our listeners a
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sense of some of the writers that you deal with in season one?
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Yeah. Season one, the first episode is, as I said, written in half the first house written and
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recorded in Dublin in the second half is written and recorded in Belfast. And in the second half,
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I actually really focused that on contemporary writers who are there right now, who grew up
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during the troubles and have channeled their childhood memories of essentially an urban civil war
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into their fiction. And the pub culture of Belfast plays a very intriguing role in many of their books
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because there are segregated pubs and then there are also a few pubs in the city center, these
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old beautiful Victorian gin palaces where both Catholics and Protestants would drink together.
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So that makes for a very crucial setting for some of these scenes in their novels. The second
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episode was written and recorded in Scotland and it's partly about Robert Louis Stevenson and it's
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partly about the work George Orwell did when he was out living in isolation in the Hebrides as
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he wrote 1984. And of course he wrote that in next to the greatest whiskey making island in the world,
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some would say. And his letter is at the time he actually complained that he was surrounded by all
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these magnificence, Scotch distilleries, but he couldn't get a bottle himself because it was all
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being shipped to America. It was just one of many, many complaints he had about the United States,
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but he comes up in his letters. How many episodes in season one, five episodes? Five episodes.
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Yeah. I believe you also went to the Lake District. That'll be in season two. In season two,
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okay. So let's move to season two because our topic today is about the California gold rush,
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the 19th century and writers who were also journalists very interestingly, we're going to talk
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about the 19th century and maybe in a follow-up show we can talk about the 20th century, but we're
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here really to talk about what happened in the 1800s and there are a number of protagonists,
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but we're going to have to kind of keep it just a handful of them and we might want to start with
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who should we start with? I say we start with John Rallenridge who in his day, during the California
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gold rush was one of the best known writers, if not the best known writer in California.
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And he's so, you know, in the term Shakespearean is so overused these days, particularly by people in
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my profession who are writing on a deadline, but with John Rallenridge, his story is so uniquely
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American that he might be that rare case where it's a fitting title. John Rallenridge was a Cherokee man
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who was born in the heart of the Cherokee nation in northern Georgia in the 1830s and he was the
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grandson of a legendary Cherokee leader named Major Ridge and this was somebody who had sort of in his
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younger days fought a war with the invading frontiers people and was such a formidable opponent that
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US forces wanted him and his tribe as an ally in the grand scheme of things and so the Cherokee were
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an ally to the United States army during the creek wars and his grandfather Major Ridge became a very
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famous military commander in that conflict and what essentially happened was Andrew Jackson
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betrayed his grandfather, betrayed the Cherokee people and despite all these things they had done
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for him militarily, he turned around and supported the state of Georgia in stripping the Cherokee
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people of their lands and forcing what has become known as the Trail of Tears and when they were
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all relocated to Arkansas to what they called the new Cherokee territory, there was an inner tribal
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conflict kind of a soft tribal civil war that erupted and John Rallenridge was only a little boy
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at the time but his whole family was killed in that conflict. All the almost all the men in his
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family were killed by other Cherokees, by other Cherokee and so as he grew into a teenager and a young
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man this conflict continued that conflict continued right into the American Civil War with one
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faction of the Cherokee signing one way and the other signing the other as he grew into a young
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man he was pulled into the violence between the tribes and he ended up having to flee and this was
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right when goal was discovered in California so the obvious escape route was to build a new life in
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this land of new possibility and he came out to California to the gold fields in 1849. I think it
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actually arrived in 1850, set out in 1849 when goal was discovered like everyone had to cross the
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whole continent to get out here arrives in 1850. He eventually became a very prominent journalist all
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around northern California, he worked for numerous newspapers, he was the founding editor of the
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Sacramento Bee which still exists to this day, he was the founding editor, one of the newspapers
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that still exist in Mary'sville and he ended up in grass valley which was a booming mining town
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and he had a newspaper there called the Grass Valley National and the reason he is so unique is because
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not only was he the first Native American writer to become nationally famous writing in English
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he also wrote the very first hit book in California history which is a book called The Life and
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Times of the Celebrated Bandit, What Cane, Marietta and for your listeners who may not have heard
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that name before, What Cane, Marietta was a name that was attributed to essentially a mass crime wave that
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happened during the gold rush between around 1849 and 1853 where there were incidents of bandits and
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sort of highwaymen committing crimes all over the state and somehow the newspapers sort of coalesced
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all these different events into the idea of a single outlaw that was committing them and that
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exactly what Vico calls a poetic character. Yes. The second individual personification of a larger community.
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Yes and so it was believed in the camps that all of these crimes were being committed by an outlaw
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named What Cane, Marietta. In the documentary I'm working on you will hear Gary Noi who's the most
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eminent historian writing today for the California gold rush really breaks down all the different
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factors that led into people believing that one man could be responsible for all these crimes.
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But nevertheless there was a belief that this outlaw, What Cane, Marietta, was everywhere.
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He was in Southern California one day killing somebody. He was in Northern California a week later
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killing three people and essentially there was a kind of hysteria set in in the gold mining camps.
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Some of the miners had been very abusive to not only the indigenous people here in California but
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also the California, the Mexican California culture that was already here before the gold rush.
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And the idea that someone from that community would be seeking revenge was a terrifying thought to
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a lot of these miners because even if they hadn't been involved in the abuses they certainly
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had many of them had seen those abuses many of them were aware of those abuses. So it was not
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unlike the kind of fear that was in the deep south of a slave revolt when people understand what kind of
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harm has been afflicted on a community and then suddenly there's an idea that somebody would come
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seek retribution. So the California government one of the first things it did was put a death warrant
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out on walk in Marietta, whoever he was. And a group of former Texas Rangers calling themselves
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the California Rangers went out and hunted down a group of men and killed them and brought back
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a head pickled in a whiskey jar that they said belonged to walk in Marietta and they were
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parading this head around from town to town. John Rowland Ridge was a reporter a crime
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he was well he was sort of a general assignment reporter while all this was happening.
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John Rowland Ridge he did sort of believe this idea that that walking Marietta was a person who had
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maybe done all these things but he became obsessed with the story and he traveled from town to town
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through all the different gold mining camps and all the different boom towns that walking
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it's supposedly done things and he collected all these stories and he published them just
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Well about two years after the head appeared in the jar John Rowland Ridge published this book
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The Life and Times of the Celebrated Bandit Walking Marietta and what was so
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thematically unique about the book is Ridge portrayed Marietta as a romantic figure as a
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Avenger of and and well the term that came up after the book was published was the Robin
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Hood of the West or the Robin Hood of the Goldfields Robin Hood of the Mother loads. Ridge
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portrayed him as kind of a the gold country's version of the Count of Monte Cristo and in the
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documentary Gary Noi talks about the parallels between ridges on life in this story he created
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around a bandit who you know I who may or may not have been a real person. It may not have been
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a real person but out of curiosity there were real events of attacks on the gold miners and other.
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Yeah the crime wave was a real and I think actually there is some evidence that there that one
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individual involved in the crime wave may have been named walking Marietta but there were
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five to six other people in different parts of the states that were the state that were part of
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the crime wave some of whom also had the first name of Joaquin but they had different last names
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well whose head ended up in the whiskey jars are really tough not to crack but John
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Rallen Ridge published this book and it was a massive success it was so successful it made it
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made establishes reputation all through California and it made its way out east and he became
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he became a famous writer despite all the prejudices of the day that were aimed at indigenous people
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he really overcame it so he becomes famous and he continues his work as a journalist.
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Yeah one thing I really wanted to clue in the documentary is he never forgot what happened to his
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family and this whole time he was a sort of building fame and reputation and what in his mind
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he would have called respectability and mainstream society which was not easy for indigenous people
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at that time the whole time he was secretly plotting revenge against the people who had killed his
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family and one really interesting thing about John Rallen Ridge is in terms of American writers
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he's such a product of the West in the sense that I can sit here and say that he was this
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pathfinding literary figure who really deserves to be revisited and to come out of the veil
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at the same time I would also say he Ridge was a guy that today we would say he was just barely
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keeping a lid on a piping volcano top of PTSD he had witnessed some acts of violence as a child
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that would boggle our own minds and it's not surprising that he himself grew up to be a violent man
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and it's very much like other western figures of of his era the earth brothers Bill Hyekok
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people like that Ridge was not a man you wanted to cross at all he was a violent person
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despite being a famous writer so he gets into trouble I think as a result of his attempts to
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take revenge for the people who had assassinated his father and massacred the whole reason he came out
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to the gold rushes he had killed someone in the Arkansas territory that was peripherally
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connected to his family's murder the documentary gets into the details of how that went down
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whether it was self-defence or not that he did always claim it was self-defence but when he
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when he rose to prominent prominence in california one of i think one of the issues that's
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come up why he he's not better remembered and why there's not more of an effort to remember him
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now in california is while being really immersed in his Cherokee culture and very prideful of his
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Cherokee culture he was also a southerner and he had very complicated politics when the civil
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war erupted and that was true all through the all through the gold country in california most towns
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ended up having two different newspapers one would be sort of a pro union newspaper and one
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would be a confederate sympathizing if not pro confederate newspaper ridge wasn't
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fully pro confederate during the civil war but he was way more sympathetic to the southern plight
|
| 00:26:43.760 |
than most people were comfortable with in the mining towns and that did affect his reputation in a
|
| 00:26:49.920 |
really negative way and it led him to numerous physical challenges and altercations with different
|
| 00:26:57.040 |
people to the point where he challenged people to gunfights in the street he he assaulted another
|
| 00:27:03.920 |
newspaper publisher so that's what i mean he what he he having gone through what he went through
|
| 00:27:09.680 |
having seen when he saw as a child having that kind of horror ingrained in his mind
|
| 00:27:15.280 |
he was a violent man throughout his life yeah what do you make of his literary uh
|
| 00:27:20.240 |
virtues that's a really interesting question because i think you if when you read the celebrated
|
| 00:27:29.360 |
bandit while kane marietta when you read that book it's very important to remember
|
| 00:27:35.920 |
that john rolin ridge was he was educated in a time when most native people were not given the
|
| 00:27:42.640 |
opportunity to be educated he was educated educated by missionaries and his literate his own
|
| 00:27:48.160 |
literary tastes were what was popular when he was young uh the romantic british romantic poets
|
| 00:27:54.400 |
john kites percy shellley lord biren words were and and people who would coming up in his own life
|
| 00:28:03.440 |
long fellow you know so he was very consciously i think trying to show that he could master that
|
| 00:28:11.120 |
style of writing and there are some beautiful passages in the book about kane marietta it's just
|
| 00:28:18.000 |
some a couple passages that are just beautiful descriptions of what california look like when it
|
| 00:28:22.880 |
was completely untamed when it was completely unspoiled before the industrial gold mines came in
|
| 00:28:28.480 |
when there were just mining camps but before these giant industrial sort of mills came in
|
| 00:28:33.200 |
so he was a talented writer today he's he's only really lives in the in the literary can
|
| 00:28:42.320 |
in for one poem called mount chasta so it's very rare to find any kind of a thology from
|
| 00:28:48.640 |
norton or anyone else that would have him in it outside of that one poem mount chasta but if you
|
| 00:28:54.240 |
read that poem you will see the influence of of percy shell and john kites i think if you if you read
|
| 00:28:59.120 |
that poem i think what ridges problem was as a writer is he was mastering a style and uh and
|
| 00:29:08.080 |
showing that he could master that style in california essentially eight or nine years before
|
| 00:29:13.680 |
this young man named mark twain showed up in the scene and and destroyed that style and just shattered
|
| 00:29:18.960 |
and i do think that played a role in ridges sort of retreating as a writer into the shadows is
|
| 00:29:25.600 |
these other writers that were a little younger than him mark twain and emberos beer specifically
|
| 00:29:31.360 |
were sort of reinventing not only california literature but just they were really pushing american
|
| 00:29:38.800 |
literature in a new direction yeah i want to talk about some of those characters but um one last
|
| 00:29:46.320 |
question about rigid do you get a real sense of the california land
|
| 00:29:51.040 |
when you read them i mean i'm i'm i ask out of total ignorance and not having you know red
|
| 00:29:56.480 |
red and at all so i i'm curious about yeah i do what kind of california is it a pyro disal
|
| 00:30:03.200 |
kind of he's he seems to have sought that way he wrote about it that way he wrote about it as as a
|
| 00:30:11.120 |
this vast um mountainous in some places pastoral and others but just this beautiful land that had
|
| 00:30:20.000 |
all these different types of landscape but he wrote about it with a sense that there was freedom
|
| 00:30:26.240 |
everywhere you went and um i don't know if it was having grown up with all of these conflicts around
|
| 00:30:35.120 |
land you know having been forcibly removed from land as a child and having all these
|
| 00:30:40.400 |
violent conflicts about lands that he grew up with as a teenager but i wonder if when he got out
|
| 00:30:47.600 |
here just the vast openness and of the land and and it was so unclaimed i think that really
|
| 00:30:55.600 |
comes through in his writing and it's probably the highlights of that story i mean it's a fun story
|
| 00:31:00.720 |
to read uh just if you like bandit tails i mean it's basically one big series of tall tails around
|
| 00:31:07.520 |
a bandit it can be fun to read but what would you actually take away from it the beauty of of the
|
| 00:31:13.920 |
land yeah and his journalism quickly was he was a very versatile journalist uh he wrote a you know
|
| 00:31:21.440 |
the journalists of that era especially if they were like rich and they hunker down in one town and
|
| 00:31:28.000 |
really made a stake there for years at a time they had to write about everything he was very good
|
| 00:31:32.960 |
about writing about crime but he wrote about politics he wrote about commerce he wrote about the
|
| 00:31:38.240 |
production of the mines the threat of fire something we can really relate to to this day he
|
| 00:31:44.000 |
grass valley suffered a catastrophic fire um and he wrote you know he his journalism covered the
|
| 00:31:51.040 |
aftermath of that was he a drinker he was and he's been it's been very very
|
| 00:31:57.600 |
difficult for me to say exactly what he drank because again we have to go back to the the context
|
| 00:32:06.560 |
he's writing in he's becoming essentially the first famous indigenous writer in america
|
| 00:32:13.280 |
i believe he was very conscious to the kind of unfair stereotypes that were floating around so yes
|
| 00:32:21.840 |
he did drink but he was not a writer who wrote about what he drank he was for obvious reasons trying
|
| 00:32:29.680 |
to present a very respectable or the words he would have used honorable image but yes he did drink
|
| 00:32:37.600 |
what he drank whatever they were pouring you know in the bars and saloons that he was in yeah
|
| 00:32:44.480 |
you mentioned mark twang but also embro's beer say i'm interested in embro's beer
|
| 00:32:50.800 |
because we know less about him most people know less about him than mark twang and he also journalist
|
| 00:32:58.240 |
writer poet yeah even horror the horror genre very very interesting character with it really
|
| 00:33:09.200 |
fascinating bio as well and he is a major protagonist i guess in your season too uh not so much in the
|
| 00:33:17.600 |
season but i did a big feature on him for the san francisco chronicle recently and that whole
|
| 00:33:23.840 |
first class of california writers they all came up through newspaper work in the in the camps and
|
| 00:33:33.280 |
in the boom towns who is john rallen ridge a young mark twang embro's beer's bread heart
|
| 00:33:42.000 |
all four of them were formed in the newspaper world and they all start out working in for
|
| 00:33:50.720 |
newspapers in this very chaotic atmosphere that's whiskey soaked and completely removed from the
|
| 00:33:59.120 |
respectable east coast establishment and it's a lawless territory and it essentially encourages
|
| 00:34:08.080 |
all of them to be stylistic mavericks and so yeah beer gets here right after the civil war
|
| 00:34:15.680 |
i like to think of embro's beers in his time as he's his 30 years in san francisco as a journalist i
|
| 00:34:23.840 |
like to think of him is almost a walking ghost because he should not have been alive he was a union
|
| 00:34:32.400 |
soldier during the civil war he survived the battle of shylo which was probably the pinnacle of
|
| 00:34:40.160 |
carnage in that war and then he was shot in the head while charging kennasaw mountain which was
|
| 00:34:46.720 |
another pivotal union victory and he i mean short shot directly in the head by all numbers and
|
| 00:34:54.000 |
probability he should not have survived and he comes out to california right after the war is over
|
| 00:35:02.160 |
a man who's nine lives were long since up when he got here and he becomes a newspaper reporter
|
| 00:35:09.440 |
who works for several publications but he's eventually recruited by a very young William Randolph
|
| 00:35:16.000 |
Hearst to be the sort of the star journalist for the san francisco examiner yeah and when you talk about
|
| 00:35:25.680 |
this understanding of death that he had having witnessed the worst battles of the civil war and again
|
| 00:35:33.760 |
having somehow climbed out of the grave himself it's it's interesting that he becomes a journalist in
|
| 00:35:40.960 |
san francisco with a reputation for being absolutely fearless for both crime reporting and political
|
| 00:35:48.480 |
reporting a writer who's known to write with a human skull on his desk that he refuses to explain
|
| 00:35:55.840 |
where it came from i mean he he he's he's has a dark patina to him and when you read the pieces of
|
| 00:36:03.520 |
literature he's most remembered for these morbid surreal but pretty beautiful stories like
|
| 00:36:10.160 |
an occurrence at al creek bridge or the damned thing to me that's clearly coming from a writer whose
|
| 00:36:19.040 |
mind has a certain intimacy with death yeah for sure he also was implicated in the assassination of
|
| 00:36:27.280 |
the president some in an indirect way no how does that work because he had written a poem earlier
|
| 00:36:34.400 |
i'm trying to recall now what i research you know well coming in today you're going to do a better
|
| 00:36:41.520 |
job in the me you know Ambrose beer he kind of like rich his problem is that he just happened to
|
| 00:36:49.840 |
be a brilliant writer at the very same moment as mark twain and so he he has again like rich he's
|
| 00:36:58.000 |
kind of been sort of swept away by that towering shadow of twain unlike rich beer has some pretty
|
| 00:37:04.560 |
strange legends that have grown up around him the assassination also his own death which
|
| 00:37:12.240 |
these days if you go on the internet and try to read about Ambrose beer is mostly what you're
|
| 00:37:17.520 |
going to get is all these theories about how he himself died which is a huge mystery yeah can you
|
| 00:37:23.360 |
can you tell our listeners about that because it is really very intriguing even i got
|
| 00:37:27.920 |
swept in so i it's believed that he was setting out to
|
| 00:37:34.640 |
rendezvous with poncho via and cover the mexican revolution and that he was either
|
| 00:37:43.520 |
killed by roadman along the way or or killed by via himself or i he killed somewhere in some
|
| 00:37:50.000 |
gruesome fashion in the deserts of mexico some very lonely death who unrecovered body but that
|
| 00:37:55.520 |
that's the legend that sort of come up around it but then of course the internet and personal
|
| 00:38:01.920 |
sloughs there's all these other alternative theories too well there there's uh... i don't know if
|
| 00:38:08.320 |
it's true because it was never actually discovered but apparently hit the last letter that he wrote
|
| 00:38:13.040 |
was uh... to a woman friend of his and says tomorrow i take off for an unknown destination
|
| 00:38:18.160 |
and then the man just disappears
|
| 00:38:22.000 |
never found an endless speculation that's one story another story that he came back and
|
| 00:38:27.600 |
perhaps committed suicide in grand canyon
|
| 00:38:31.600 |
yeah uh... he's an important figure a lot of he was what very well known yeah and hurts himself
|
| 00:38:37.600 |
protected him just by having to pay a price for that no yeah so one interesting thing about
|
| 00:38:43.520 |
and rose bierce is he was as a journalist obsessed with the so called big four the railroad
|
| 00:38:51.600 |
titans who had built the transcontinental railroad these are the four families that became so
|
| 00:38:57.360 |
incredibly wealthy in northern california and they built all the grand victorian palaces and
|
| 00:39:03.520 |
san francisco and and some in sacramento and bierce that's not speak to ill of the man i think
|
| 00:39:10.480 |
one of them yeah founder of this university yeah and there's was not a fan and uh... right well yeah
|
| 00:39:16.240 |
and so there not to be a fan of yeah no and in bierce was uh... he was a journalist who was
|
| 00:39:23.760 |
absolutely convinced that uh... that group of men had uh... the robber barons that they didn't
|
| 00:39:32.640 |
that they'd essentially infected every orifice and mechanism of california government and
|
| 00:39:39.760 |
and he dedicated much of his career uh... he outlived most of them by the way and uh... that was not
|
| 00:39:46.240 |
good enough for him you know so i'd probably outlived all of them but i know he outlived three of
|
| 00:39:52.880 |
them and was still not done shipping away at them in the scheme of politics yeah obviously
|
| 00:40:01.840 |
hurts would have to protect him going after people that prominent and that powerful and that
|
| 00:40:08.320 |
highly regarded and it was relentless he would never let up i mean we it's not what he's remembered
|
| 00:40:14.480 |
for now but certainly it would have been one of the main things he was known for in his own life
|
| 00:40:20.000 |
now we have we really focus more on either the devil's dictionary or these really incredible
|
| 00:40:26.800 |
short stories he left us but i think here where we are right now but in his day he would have been
|
| 00:40:32.880 |
more associated as as just uh... uh... uh... a dog if not vicious political reporter
|
| 00:40:40.640 |
we could use one of those i think they are they and age
|
| 00:40:44.400 |
yeah it's uh... he was a heavy drinker i believe yeah yeah and i think that he outlived us
|
| 00:40:49.840 |
his two sons one of whom i think died of alcoholism yeah it so bierce is the later part of his
|
| 00:40:58.240 |
life and i think possibly why he didn't
|
| 00:41:04.560 |
sort of take many precautions uh... before he disappeared is i he was a depressed person his
|
| 00:41:10.480 |
his family life had had taken a tragic turn and he was just uh... one of his nicknames was
|
| 00:41:16.240 |
bitter bierce and um... yeah he he his life got sad towards the end and that might have played a
|
| 00:41:23.120 |
role in why he really didn't have many connections when he vanished yeah
|
| 00:41:28.960 |
scott mark twang you mentioned he's a towering giant and i guess uh... sometimes those shadows
|
| 00:41:37.760 |
unjustly obscure other other writers like bierce i mean if i can express an unentitled opinion
|
| 00:41:46.000 |
about mark twang i would take bierce some of the bierce's most beautiful stories even horror stories
|
| 00:41:52.480 |
over mark twang myself not that i don't admire mark twang for what he did but i think that um...
|
| 00:41:58.560 |
but nevertheless he figures huge on the fact california scene yeah he came out because
|
| 00:42:08.320 |
well he was he was a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi river when the civil war broke out and
|
| 00:42:14.320 |
all the river traffic was brought to a halt by the war he didn't really have any interest in
|
| 00:42:19.360 |
fighting in the conflict on either side so it just so happened his older brother had been appointed
|
| 00:42:25.280 |
to a administration position in the new territory of nevada as the as the silver boom was
|
| 00:42:34.240 |
starting so he first went out to nevada and he got his first newspaper job in virginia city which
|
| 00:42:41.200 |
is the small but really interesting town uh... in the high desert mountains um of north west nevada
|
| 00:42:47.920 |
very close to the california border not far from lake tahou he does a year as a reporter there
|
| 00:42:55.520 |
and really starts to really develop um... uninteresting style again it's really based in this
|
| 00:43:02.160 |
idea of complete lawlessness around him and if if if there are no rules for society where you're
|
| 00:43:08.480 |
living then in twains view then there's also no rules for writing with the rules don't matter
|
| 00:43:13.440 |
anymore he's gonna write however he wants to write and including for newspapers covering stories
|
| 00:43:18.880 |
about what he purported to be real events and so he was doing pretty well out there but then he
|
| 00:43:24.960 |
essentially pulled an elaborate prank on the whole community which caused somebody to challenge him
|
| 00:43:31.840 |
to a duel and uh... just as as with the war he didn't really have any interest in
|
| 00:43:38.720 |
being another coffin in the cemetery so he lit out of there and he uh... came to san francisco and
|
| 00:43:44.880 |
between san francisco and sacramental and some of the other mining camps he continued to work as a
|
| 00:43:50.080 |
reporter and then in angels camp he just he heard a yarn inside a bar one night and he thought
|
| 00:43:58.640 |
if he tweaked it just a little bit he could put a certain a glow on it and that was his short
|
| 00:44:04.800 |
story the celebrated jumping frog of calivorous county and well as we mentioned earlier it it just
|
| 00:44:10.640 |
became a national phenomenon it the way information traveled at the time it was months before he even
|
| 00:44:18.480 |
knew that and but it was being read all over new york and all over the east coast and
|
| 00:44:25.440 |
it was seen as a kind of the strange funny quirky window into what must be going out at west with
|
| 00:44:30.960 |
these really strange people although he's more remembered or known for tom saw you're in the
|
| 00:44:36.640 |
adventures of so far right right he built his national rep the start of his national reputation
|
| 00:44:42.800 |
with that short story he wrote out here he also had a huge newspaper scoop that became a
|
| 00:44:49.360 |
national story for the sacramental union newspaper around the same time as the jumping frog story
|
| 00:44:55.600 |
so it was his early work in navata in california that both convinced him that he didn't have to
|
| 00:45:02.560 |
follow rules and that that codified ideas around writing and that stylistic standards of the day
|
| 00:45:09.520 |
didn't mean that much to him in that he could get away with breaking all those rules that's
|
| 00:45:14.240 |
what he learns in california when he moves back to the east coast and gets married and sort of
|
| 00:45:20.160 |
stops his crazy drinking and behavior that's when he becomes sort of the the megastar of literature
|
| 00:45:26.800 |
would you consider him a california writer i think california is a major chapter in allowing him
|
| 00:45:37.360 |
to have a writing career i don't think he would have caught considerate himself a california writer
|
| 00:45:44.000 |
or a western writer so much as a writer who came up through the ranks in that setting
|
| 00:45:51.120 |
because it because his his obviously when you read his work his his childhood along the
|
| 00:45:56.720 |
missus hippie was probably a far more towering effect on him and what he wanted to write between
|
| 00:46:03.280 |
tomsoyer and huck fin and life on the missus hippie and many other stories so i mean his
|
| 00:46:08.640 |
his formative years in the south were you know probably more defining in the long run
|
| 00:46:14.480 |
so do i get it right i have an impression that for these uh... people we've been talking about
|
| 00:46:24.000 |
twain beers maybe even rich that journalism was just as important as literature
|
| 00:46:30.320 |
that it was mostly what people would have considered literature when it came out well
|
| 00:46:35.040 |
you know and in there's a
|
| 00:46:37.440 |
i think that's great
|
| 00:46:39.120 |
where you know journalism becomes
|
| 00:46:41.200 |
a queen of writing along side all the other arts of could be novels poetry and
|
| 00:46:48.560 |
short stories
|
| 00:46:49.680 |
you know getting back to that book ridge road about waltkeen marietta
|
| 00:46:53.280 |
that's a really interesting point in the sense that when the book came out ridge
|
| 00:47:00.160 |
classified it as literary journalism
|
| 00:47:03.920 |
today historians call it a novel
|
| 00:47:07.040 |
but
|
| 00:47:08.160 |
for the first eighty or ninety years it circulated in publication it was more thought of as
|
| 00:47:13.680 |
literary journalism or creative nonfiction
|
| 00:47:16.560 |
because ridge was a professional reporter
|
| 00:47:19.520 |
who stood by
|
| 00:47:21.360 |
the sources he'd spoken to and and he
|
| 00:47:24.560 |
granted he collected second and third hand accounts
|
| 00:47:28.240 |
that he couldn't verify that he'd woven into this narrative but nonetheless he stood by it as
|
| 00:47:34.320 |
he would have called it literary journalism or he would have thought of it as akin to what
|
| 00:47:39.920 |
Ernie piled it in world war two or what
|
| 00:47:42.000 |
writers like tom wolf started doing in the nineteen sixties that's how ridge kind of thought about
|
| 00:47:48.080 |
his book now historians today
|
| 00:47:50.800 |
see it differently in a sort of insist on calling it a novel
|
| 00:47:54.880 |
because it's so fictional eyes but it does kind of raise the question of
|
| 00:47:59.680 |
you know it's it's analogous to kind of some of the things on her as tomson wrote in the
|
| 00:48:04.400 |
you know there's an essential truth to them right but there's so much invention mixed in
|
| 00:48:09.920 |
how do you classify it
|
| 00:48:13.120 |
well there's one last figure we have time for that we don't want to leave out which is Amy
|
| 00:48:17.840 |
crocker
|
| 00:48:19.520 |
she's not necessarily a journalist but what what a character you know yeah Amy crocker um
|
| 00:48:25.520 |
she was very very famous in her life and she was a ground-breaking writer in a lot of respects
|
| 00:48:32.640 |
and i think she deserves to sort of have her i have a moment in the sun again the only because
|
| 00:48:38.160 |
she was so far ahead of her time we talk about writers being ahead of their time she was
|
| 00:48:43.200 |
really ahead of her time so she was um the daughter of eb crocker who was
|
| 00:48:50.400 |
the brother of charles crocker of the big four you know and eb was some people
|
| 00:48:56.640 |
called the big five and when they do eb crocker would be the fifth person she came from one of
|
| 00:49:02.480 |
she came from one of the four railroad dynasty families she grew up in sacramento as a little girl
|
| 00:49:10.800 |
she could it was still very much a frontier town when she was a child as she got older she really
|
| 00:49:18.000 |
embraced this idea of having of herself as kind of having come up as a frontier woman and now
|
| 00:49:25.760 |
people in her own time would have found that laughable because she was from one of the richest
|
| 00:49:30.400 |
families in the country but in her mind the fact that she could walk out to the water docks and
|
| 00:49:34.880 |
watch the river boats coming in as a child and ride a horse along the ranches and see all these
|
| 00:49:39.520 |
kind of drunk minor stumbling around in front of the saloons late to her she she thought
|
| 00:49:45.280 |
herself as a frontiers woman in some respects well not not completely misguided yeah i mean i
|
| 00:49:52.800 |
it would be interesting to hear what her contemporaries thought when you know when she wove that
|
| 00:49:58.240 |
into her persona but so she grew up in sacramento but her family of course also had huge
|
| 00:50:03.840 |
houses and holdings in san francisco i guess she kind of grew up in both cities and then
|
| 00:50:09.520 |
in the 1880s when she was in her late 20s she got embroiled in a huge public scandal
|
| 00:50:17.520 |
that was initially about her made stealing from her and she tried to bring her made up on
|
| 00:50:25.920 |
charges of stealing from her and then a bunch of people in the city of sacramento who did not like
|
| 00:50:33.920 |
her use this trial of the maid as a referendum on ami herself and it turned into it turned into a
|
| 00:50:41.120 |
tabloid fiasco where there was testimony in an open court about what a hardcore drinker ami was
|
| 00:50:47.680 |
for which in 1880s was somewhat scandalous for a woman from her family to be this hardcore drinker
|
| 00:50:57.600 |
and partier and she was someone who was not too discreetly having many many affairs and all of
|
| 00:51:04.080 |
this sort of started coming out in the court trial and it caused a huge what her mother thought was
|
| 00:51:13.920 |
an unrecoverable scandal you know it's just like a fatal wound of a scandal for the family
|
| 00:51:19.760 |
but it does seem to have sparked an epiphany for ami where she no longer she went from
|
| 00:51:27.120 |
sort of not really caring what people thought about her to really not caring what people thought about
|
| 00:51:32.480 |
her and then and that is the attitude she brought into her writing career to help with the rules
|
| 00:51:38.800 |
I guess yeah to help with the rules her first few things that were published were in newspapers
|
| 00:51:44.080 |
they were travel journalism but she ended up leaving sacramento after in the wake of the scandal
|
| 00:51:51.760 |
she spent some time in New York but she really started traveling the world because she had the
|
| 00:51:55.680 |
means to do so she traveled all over the world and she eventually wrote this memoir
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| 00:52:02.320 |
this defiantly titled memoir called And I Do It Again and it's about her travels all over the world
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| 00:52:12.160 |
her many affairs all over the world she she was really a forerunner of what would later be called
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| 00:52:17.600 |
the sexual revolution you know there's there's some she was a forerunner to certain elements of
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| 00:52:22.480 |
feminist writing she was a forerunner to certain you know certain elements of sexual liberation writing for
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| 00:52:28.480 |
women and also her memoirs very interesting because she she's a forerunner also people like lady
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| 00:52:35.440 |
Gaga and all these extravagances no yes she's showing up on an elephant writing an elephant to
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| 00:52:40.960 |
a part I don't know I read yes yes she she would appear in newspapers with like a huge bow constrictor
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| 00:52:47.520 |
wrapped around her or you know just she she was a master at creating celebrity around herself but
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| 00:52:57.680 |
at the end of the day she was a really skillful writer her memoir stands up it's it's a good
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| 00:53:05.120 |
read to this day and it's also an interesting read in the sense that she managed to capture
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| 00:53:12.560 |
many parts of everywhere from the Hawaiian islands to rural parts of china and japan and india
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| 00:53:18.560 |
again before industrialization came in and so she she really captures a sort of twilight around a
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| 00:53:26.000 |
certain moment of the world very well in her memoir but it's fun to read because it's she's like
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| 00:53:32.720 |
twain she's she's a great observer of human nature she's a satirical observer of human nature
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| 00:53:38.720 |
she she had beyond progressive ideas and beliefs that for her day that she was not shy about writing
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| 00:53:46.000 |
about now well I'm glad we got her in to our hour here Scott and so much more to come both in
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| 00:53:54.640 |
your podcast series and perhaps in a follow-up show on the 20th century California writers but I
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| 00:54:00.480 |
think you've given us a real vivid sense of the way in which where we are right now is was a
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| 00:54:08.480 |
really lawless land in in his violent aspects but also they kind of created potential that was
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| 00:54:15.280 |
liberated yeah by the wide open expanse and freedom that California represented in the 19th century
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| 00:54:22.640 |
it was a place where people could transform themselves there was there were no rules really in your
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| 00:54:29.440 |
way if you want it to become a completely different person here and ridge did that and twain did that
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| 00:54:35.600 |
and beer stood that and in some respects Amy did it too and who knows maybe Scott Thomas Anderson is
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| 00:54:43.280 |
doing it in his own he's as a journalist and now a documentary series producer so you just continue
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| 00:54:49.440 |
that great tradition of you know creative journalism we've been speaking with Scott Thomas Anderson
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| 00:54:58.240 |
for entitled opinions I'm Robert Harrison tune in next time bye bye thanks again
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| 00:55:08.240 |
I've been rolling a shiny black steel jacket my been shimbing up rocks for the great highway
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| 00:55:15.120 |
I live five years of my take my time over that jacket drinking my wine
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| 00:55:26.320 |
I've been shipping them rocks from dawn to dawn while my right I hide my bottle in the other room
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| 00:55:37.360 |
not the same better stop ballin that jacket my little five years I'm on up on my back so you're so ill easy win trust the fire day
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| 00:56:02.160 |
cause there's a whole right of women I'm out of red on the street today
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| 00:56:08.960 |
and a river keeps up talking but you never would it say
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| 00:56:20.480 |
I'm out of red on my back I'm out of red on my back
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| 00:56:37.920 |
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- Oh no.
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